Reporting of Just Culture

Data description

Classification system

The JC indicator is determined at State and ANSP level.

The areas surveyed in the questionnaire are:

• policy and its implementation,
• legal/judiciary, and occurrence reporting; and,
  
• and investigation.

The questions are answered with “yes” or “no” in order to reveal obstacles and impediments in each of the three areas.

Sector coverage

The measures pertain to the Air Transport and Air Traffic Management Sector of the economy.

Statistical concepts and definitions

The metrics are based on two questionnaires (State and ANSP level) published in the EASA AMC/GM documents.

For each answer justification and evidence should be provided in order to better understand and assess possible obstacles and impediments to the application of JC.

Additionally to the questionnaires, States and ANSPs may report on Just culture using the following formats:

• GM13 SKPI - Just culture - Reporting and Verification at State level; and,
• GM14 SKPI - Just culture - Reporting and Verification at ANSP level.

It is expected that each certified provider completes the ANSP JC questionnaire, with exception of those who avail all the air navigation services to other certified ANSPs in accordance with Article 10 of (EC) 550 / 2004.

NSAs are required to gather information on JC from appropriate entities in the State (e.g. Minister of Transport, Justice Department) to complete the State questionnaire.

Statistical unit

The statistical units are States and ANSPs.

Statistical population

The statistical population comprises the States and ANSPs in the Single European Sky Area.

Reference area

The reference area is the Single European Sky Area.

Time coverage

2012 is the first year for which data is presented (available in 2013).

Base period

Not applicable.

Release calendar

Typically information is released annually in in June of the following year.

Release calendar access

Not applicable.

User access

Information is disseminated to the general public via the SES Data Portal.

Quality assurance

EASA verifies both NSAs and ANSPs questionnaires through desktop audits. The PRB is involved in some EASA verifications through temporary participation of PRU staff.

For each State, EASA verifies the State’s questionnaire, the questionnaire completed by the largest ANSP and one additional ANSP randomly chosen.

The quality assurance includes, inter alia, the following processes:

• verification of the legal references using the national gazette website,
• cross-check with data available in external sources (e.g. the Network Manager and/or EUROCONTROL),
• cross-check with information published in States’s or ANSP’s website.

Further, EASA will conduct a verification on the qualitative analyses which have been submitted by States and ANSPs through the tables contained in AMC 9 SKPI and AMC 10 SKPI.

Quality assessment

The NSAs are responsible to verify the questionnaires completed by ANSPs and to report results of the verification to EASA. There are at least two types of NSA organisation for verifying the questionnaires: either there is a specific organisation or the existing oversight organisation is used to verify the questionnaire. The uniformity of NSA verification output across Europe is maintained through:

• the AMC/GM material published by EASA;
• the FAQ EASA web-page;
• the EASA helpdesk; and,
• the organisation of workshops and/or bilateral meetings.

Completeness

The data is collected for the entire Single European Sky Area.

Overall accuracy

The accuracy of the indicator can be influenced by the the NSAs and ANSPs interpretation of the survey questions.

While the JC indicator helps identifying obstacles to impediments to the application of JC, it does not provide an indication of the magnitude of those obstacles. The complementary qualitative analysis of the evidence and justifications provided by States and ANSPs is therefore an important element of the overall assessment.

Timeliness

The data refer to the status of JC which was measured the year before its publication.

Punctuality

The data is updated by ANSPs and NSAs at least once per year. The data is then verified by EASA in March of the following year.

Comparability — geographical

Geographical comparability is valid.

Comparability over time

Comparisons over time are valid.

Coherence — cross domain

Not applicable.

Coherence — internal

The data is assumed to be internally coherent as provided.

Source data

Questionnaires and forms completed by States and ANSPs (see also the Statistical concepts and definitions section).

The completed tables included in AMC 9 and 10 (optional).

Frequency of data collection

After the first completion, ANSPs and NSAs are requested to update the questionnaires on a yearly basis.

Data collection

The State and ANSP questionnaires are collected by EASA though a web application.

Data validation

EASA verifies the updated questionnaires by March of the following year at the latest. After EASA verification, the data described are sent to the PRB by March of the following year at the latest.

The data validation is done as follows:

• During the desktop verification, the consistency between the answer (yes or no), the justifications provided and the evidence is evaluated.
• In a second step, the level of JC implementation is verified through external information available to EASA, NM and PRB. Clarification questions could be addressed to the NSA either via mail or telephone.

Data compilation

Following the verification by EASA, the following data is provided to the PRB:

• the States’ completed questionnaires including justifications and evidence;
• the ANSP questionnaires verified by EASA, including justifications and evidence;
• the JC PI computations for each State and each ANSP; and,
• the qualitative analyses on areas of improvements provided by ANSPs, NSAs and the ones directly performed by EASA.

Adjustment

Not applicable.