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PASS Project

Context

In October 2007, EUROCONTROL launched the PASS project (Performance and safety Aspects of Short-term Conflict Alert – full Study).

The study is undertaken based on the recommendations and findings resulting from:
  • RA downlink study (FARADS project)

    The FARADS project has investigated the technical feasibility and operational usefulness of presenting down-linked RAs to controllers as a potential means for understanding and managing the implications of ACAS for ATC. For more information see RA Downlink website.
  RA Downlink Website
  • ACAS-STCA workshop in Zurich

    The ACAS-STCA workshop in Zurich in March 2007 identified a number of key issues arising from the fact that STCA and ACAS are part of a hybrid system that was not designed as “one system”. For more information see the Workshop pages.
  ACAS-STCA workshop in Zurich
  • I-AM-SAFE study

    The I-AM-SAFE project evaluated the applicability and usefulness of the methodology used in the ACAS field in the prospect of establishing quantified performance requirements for STCA. For more information see the I-AM-SAFE pages.
  I-AM-SAFE
The project also comes within the scope of the SPIN Sub-group (Safety nets Performance Improvement Network).

Aim

The project objective is to study performance and safety aspects of Short Term Conflict Alert (STCA), including human performance aspects and consideration of interactions between operational use of STCA and ACAS.

The project is based on the encounter model-based methodology developed and used in the IAPA, ACASA, ASARP and SIRE projects of the Mode S and ACAS Programme and whose applicability to the STCA context has been demonstrated in the I-AM-SAFE project.

For more information about IAPA, ACASA, ASARP and SIRE projects see the EUROCONTROL ACAS website.
  EUROCONTROL ACAS
Moreover, the project will contribute to a better knowledge and understanding of the current operational situation with regard to the operational use of STCA and possible interactions with ACAS.

The PASS project comprises the following work areas:
  • Monitoring and investigation of real ATC incidents
  • Model-based performance evaluation and requirement determination
  • Real-time experimentation (if necessary)
  • Operational safety assessment
  • Synthesis and guidelines.
The study is lead by Egis Avia (formerly Sofréavia) and conducted by a consortium of four organisations:
DSNA/DTI, Deep Blue, QinetiQ and Egis Avia.
  DSNA/DTI
  Deep Blue
  QinetiQ
  Egis Avia

Monitoring

DFS, DSNA and Skyguide participated in the monitoring phase. Results are in the WA1 report (which is published below).

Modelling and Safety Assessments

The modelling phase is now in progress and is expected to be completed in 2010.

Deliverables

PASS deliverables will be published here as they become available.

Analysis of RA Downlink data

The following study deals with this analysis of RA downlink data originating from six Mode-S radars with a coverage including most of the European core area. The data were collected from September 2007 to March 2008. This represents a little more than 1,300,000 flight hours.

Acrobat Analysis of RA Downlink data
Released: 30/03/2009

Analysis of SNET performance based on monitoring data (Work Area 1 Final Report)

This document summarises the PASS monitoring activity. It reports on the sources and tools used for the data collection, explains how the various analyses were performed, provides the results of the analyses and outlines how those results will be used in the next PASS activity: the modelling phase.
The present report addresses only general patterns in the airspace monitored as a whole, as contributed by all ANSPs, with all sensitive data de-identified.

Acrobat Analysis of SNET performance based on monitoring data
Released: 28/04/2009

Review of European STCA environment

This document reports the European STCA environment. It provides a generic description of the features of an STCA system. Additionally it provides details of specific STCA implementations taken from a variety of sources: published material, information from the SPIN survey, expert knowledge and replies to requests for information from individual ANSPs.

Acrobat Review of European STCA environment
Released: 20/06/2008

Specifications of ATCO and pilot models

This document provides the specifications for the controller and pilot models required to complete the PASS simulation framework. The design choices are explained and illustrated as much as possible.

Acrobat Specifications of ATCO and pilot models
Released: 16/04/2010

Performance metrics definition

This documents provides background information on the role of STCA in the ATM system and existing guidance material to evaluate its performance aspects. It then describes a set of key performance areas and associated metrics for use within PASS Working Area 2.

Acrobat Performance metrics definition
Released: 02/09/2009

Model-based performance evaluation of STCA operations - Interim report (Phase 2)

This document provides some elements on the role of STCA and ACAS as safety nets in the current ATM environment, and on the evaluation of their performances. It recaps the outcome of the “IAPA – ASARP Methodology for Safety net Assessment – Feasibility Evaluation” (I-AM-SAFE) study and gives some insight into the simulation process that has been set up to adapt the ACAS encounter model-based methodology to the context of STCA. Additionally, the document contains the most significant results of the evaluation of STCA performance that has been conducted on a number of operational scenarios using simple assumptions at this stage, yet representative of current STCA operation in Europe.

Acrobat Model-based performance evaluation of STCA operations - Interim report (Phase 2)
Released: 05/02/2010

Operational Safety Assessment Interim Report

The objective of this operational safety assessment Interim Report in Work Area 4 is to address the “failure” approach. The “success” approach (prevention of accidents) will be covered during the PASS fast-time simulations that will take place in Phase 3, as it is intended: “to compare the “initial” severity of the encounter without the effect of the controller’s instruction prompted by STCA and the “final” severity resulting from the pilot’s response to the controller’s instruction”.

Acrobat Operational Safety Assessment Interim Report
Released: 23/07/2010

Detailed statistics on TCAS reports by pilots

Within the PASS project, the monitoring activity aimed at giving solid operational grounds to the development of STCA performance requirements and a concept of joint operations for STCA and ACAS, by looking at current ATM operations involving safety-nets. In particular, the monitoring activity collected 180 occurrences and computed a number of performance metrics. This report adds specific details about TCAS reports from pilots of pairs of aircraft involved in occurrences where at least one aircraft got an RA. Note that the same constraint applies to this subset as to the whole set of 180 occurrences, i.e. that they are biased towards the most challenging ATM situations.

Acrobat Detailed statistics on TCAS reports by pilots
Released: 31/03/2009

Papers and Articles


Operational monitoring and modelling of airborne and ground-based safety nets performance

This paper was presented at the EUROCONTROL Annual Safety R&D Seminar in Southampton in October 2008. It contains the initial results from the monitoring of safety-net related occurrences on-going in the PASS study and the setup of the modelling activities building on the outcomes of the I-AM-SAFE feasibility study.

Acrobat Operational monitoring and modelling of airborne and ground-based safety nets performance
Released: 01/10/2008

More Information

For more information about PASS Project contact Stan Drozdowski - the PASS Project Manager.

Mr Stan Drozdowski
PASS Project Manager
Email: 
Work :  +32 (0)2 729 37 60
 
  Last validation: 23/07/2010