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Airport of the Future |
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The Airport of the Future |
Provided by :
Isabelle LAPLACE (M3 SYSTEMS), Nathalie LENOIR (ENAC-LEEA), FRANCISCO PITA (ANA), Isabel REBELO (ANA), Antonio VALADARES (ANA)
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In a context of a fast evolution of the air transport market, the future of the Air traffic Management will not only be linked to the improvements in technologies, but also to the evolution of traffic flows. Despite the current difficulties in air transport, forecasts still mention strong traffic increases for years to come, with the unwanted effects of more congestion and more pollution. One of the main solutions chosen by the European Commission for coping with airport congestion and transports’ pollution, is to develop intermodal transports. This development is an important objective of the European Commission since Intermodality and multimodality are at the heart of the 2001 European Commission White Papers on transport. One of the main priority objectives to be attained by 2010 is to link-up transport modes for successful intermodality.
The first question that comes to mind is what is exactly intermodality? What is its development today? More importantly what are the perspectives of intermodality tomorrow in terms of airport development and what could be its influence on air traffic levels and distribution?
The study “The airport of the future: central link of intermodal transport?” aims at providing answers to some of these questions when considering the global transport network. This constitutes an innovative aspect since the evolution of each transport mode was so far envisaged without taking necessarily into account the evolution of the other modes, and ignoring the possibility that the modes could be cooperative instead of being competitive only. An other innovative aspect of this study lies in the analysis of intermodal transport as a way to tackle what could be the airport of the future; considering the intermodality between air and all the possible transport modes.
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In order to answer those questions, we begin by analyzing the current development of intermodality . We review the relevant bibliography and list the economic impacts already evaluated in the studies.
Intermodality is the characteristic of a transport network which allows the use of at least two different coordinated transport modes for at least one single trip from origin destination. In the literature, the term “intermodal” transport applied to passengers using successively air and other transport modes is used equally for the airport access to the city centre or for the integration of the airport in the regional or national network of other transport modes. As the implications of both types of airport intermodality are different in terms of investment, passenger needs, operators coordination, transport policies, etc., we have chosen in this study to differentiate between them. In the case of airport access, the relevant modes to study are all public modes. In the case of integration of the airport in the regional or national network, only rail is relevant (and particularly high speed train), since bus services on long distances are quite rare in Europe, and do not seem to be led to become more prominent in the future. Conversely, air rail intermodality seems to offer promising opportunities for the future.
The second step is to elaborate scenarios of the evolution of the transport networks and airport intermodality levels in Europe at a 20 years time horizon, using the results obtained in the first part. To that purpose, we analyse the evolution of the transport demand, of the transport policies at a national or European level and of the transport operators strategies .
As a third step, the cases of France and Portugal are then more precisely analysed, using the methodology developed in the second part. They have been chosen since today they are polar cases of development of intermodal infrastructure. We study what could be the possible scenarios for each country and what would be the economic implications of these scenarios in terms of transport network and airport intermodality development.
By adopting this new approach, this study aims at providing a better understanding of what could be the role of air transport in a global transport network development.
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Last validation: 15/03/2007
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